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The Epigenetics and Neurochemical Etiology of Eating Disorders

The Epigenetics and Neurochemical Etiology of Eating Disorders

Eating Disorders are often misunderstood and rarely examined from a scientific viewpoint. This presentation explains the neurochemical, genetic and environmental etiology of eating disorders and the treatment implications. Participants will learn assessment tools, have a more complete understanding of these disorders and have proven methods to help their patients. There are neurochemical changes that occur in patients with eating disorders. Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa have different chemicals that promote the respective disorders. Studies are now showing that binge eating can alter brain functioning and promote addiction-like properties in response to some foods.

Genetic predisposition may be a factor in the creation of eating disorders, but now scientists are showing that the gene expression can change. Histones are proteins that surround the gene. These proteins change gene expression. Our lifestyle, choices, and food consumption affects histones. It has been shown that consumption of high volumes of certain foods that are high fat/ sugar dense increase certain proteins that effects the brain reward system and enhances motivation for more resulting in binge-eating and cravings. This protein is a highly stable protein that can produce lasting changes in gene expression.

Depression and anxiety are commonly co-occurring with eating disorders. Studies are showing how disordered eating behaviours correlate with the creation of depression and anxiety in some patients. A widely used method for weight control has shown to actually create disordered eating, eating disorders and obesity. This method creates long term changes in circulating hormones that controls appetite and satiety. Treatment for eating disorders must change. The science is giving clinicians many more tools that can help cease this worldwide epidemic.

Speakers: Rebecca Cooper
Areas of Interest / Categories: Eating Disorders, WCP 2014

WCP 2014

It cools the heart - An Investigation on the Psychotherapeutic Effects of Playing the Nkangala

Nkangala is the Chichewa word for mouth-bough or musical bow. This instrument is played by women in Malawi, south-east Africa. During a field research trip in July 2013, Christine Korischek, was able to get some basic instructions on how to play the Nkangala with two women, Cecilia and Elena Gatchepa, in southern Malawi. The personal experience of playing this instrument and the information given by her two teachers are the source of this attempt at exploring the psychotherapeutic effects that are operant when playing the musical bow. In the first part of the talk the Nkangala will be introduced. Brief information on the history of the mouth bow in southern Malawi, as well as how it is made and played will be given. The main part of the talk includes descriptions of experiences when playing the Nkangala and an attempt at investigating on the psychotherapeutic effects. Since the sound projected out is low, the mouth bow is usually played in solitude and not for a large audience.

Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy- Impact on Depressed Outpatients of State Hospital Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria

This study investigates the impact of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy - Impact on Depressed Outpatients of State Hospital Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. The sample comprised of 32 men and women 18 years and above. The instrument used for screening was Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSS) while Beck Depression Inventory -II (BDI-II) was used for data collection. The research design adopted for this study was Pre­ Post Experimental Design. Four research hypotheses were formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance. Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was the statistical tool employed for processing the data collected.

The use of clinging, distancing, and focusing on the object as defences in the Borderline disorder of self - a Mastersonian approach

Presenting Dialectical Behavioural Therapy – Treating Complex Developmental Trauma in Johannesburg’s Specialist Adult Psychotherapy Unit

Internationally, Dialectical Behavioural Therapy is a well-established treatment modality for Borderline Personality Disorder and other affect deregulated disorders. However, it is very labour intensive, and is a huge demand on resources. Ward 4&5, the specialist psychotherapy unit at Tara hospital in Johannesburg offers a DBT based in-patient programme for patients who struggle with various personality disorders as well as mood and anxiety disorders.

South Africa as the Cradle of Gestalt Therapy – 70 years on From Ego, Hunger and Aggression to Professional Competencies of a Gestalt Therapist

When Perls wrote "Ego, Hunger and Aggression" in the 1940's, after having sought refuge in South Africa, fleeing the Holocaust in Europe, the development of Professional Competencies for Psychotherapists was probably not first on his mind. Over the recent decade and since establishing laws regulating the psychotherapeutic profession in different countries, it has become increasingly important to develop our skills to a professional level. Now 70 years later and returning to Gestalt therapy's origins we would like to present the EAGT document about specific competencies of Gestalt therapists originating out of an initiative of EAP with the aim of establishing psychotherapeutic professional standards across Europe.

Effect of Reality Therapy (Rt) on Federal Teachers’ Attitudes Towards Retirement

Two hundred teachers from two Federal Government owned secondary schools in Lagos State were pre-tested using the “Attitude towards Retirement lnventory "(ATRI) developed by the researcher. One hundred and twenty-five respondents scored negatively (i.e. below 100 points) on the ATRI. Out of this number, only ninety-five returned the "Workers Consent Form" (WCF). Fifty out of the 95 consenters were randomly selected to participate in the experiment. The 50 participants were then randomly assigned to two groups of 25 each; RT (Group A) and the Control Group (Group B).

From the Therapeutic Session to the Page: engaging the reader in Biblio-Therapy

There is no doubt that in the privacy of the therapeutic space we are confident in helping a person engage in the process of therapy. In the spoken language, words are fused together with gesture, facial expression, tone and posture. One has at hand various tools that can enable the therapeutic process, such as paints, toys, sand boxes, plasticine, paper and pens. There is a very real interaction between two people; an ability to be flexible and responsive to individual nuances as they arise. Reaching to someone beyond the therapeutic space using the written word challenges one to find other ways of engaging.

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