Current smokers were less likely to participate in recreational programs and physical activity, more likely to use illicit substances, have drug use disorders and a criminal history. Overall, smokers had poorer health and financial outcomes. Gender differences existed: for men, employment and having a post-school qualification decreased the risk of smoking while cannabis use increased risk. For women, having a lifetime diagnosis of alcohol abuse/dependence, using cannabis, and remaining sedentary were risk factors for smoking while attending recreational programs reduced this risk.
Tobacco smoking was very high across both genders. Smoking cessation programs and interventions for people with mental illness in the Northern region should take into account the context of social disadvantage and address relevant comorbidities. A gendered approach may be warranted given the different factors linked with smoking for men and women.
